销售未偿还(DSO)

什么是日期销售未偿还(DSO)?

应收账款天数是与应收账款有关的会计概念。应收账款是指该公司欠公司的款项。由于公司已经为客户提供了服务,因此公司有权以后收到这笔钱。

帐户可靠的日子

应收账款天数是指发票清除所有应收账款所需的时间,或收到公司出售商品所需的时间。这对于确定公司在接收欠款的任何短期付款方面的效率很有用。尽管应收账款天数可能因行业而异,但您通常在给客户足够的时间赚钱和尽快收集钱之间的平衡。

虽然计算应收账款天数可以对公司收集流程的有效性有宝贵的见解,但这是一种以帐户为中心的方法。该计算没有考虑到帐户后面的客户。为了补充这一短缺,建议使用其他计算,例如应收账款老化,以更完整地了解公司的收集流程。

What is the Accounts Receivable Days Formula?

The应收帐款的公式is:

  • 应收账款天=(应收账款 /收入)x年的天数

For the purpose of this calculation, it is usually assumed that there are 360 days in the year (4 quarters of 90 days). Accounts Receivable Days is often found on a financial statement projection model.

Interestingly, a report on the technology company Apple recently stated that Apple gets paid for its productsit actually has to pay for them. In practice, this means that Apple's Accounts Receivable (AR) Days are lower than its Accounts Payable (AP) Days. This ratio is important because it means Apple can effectively ramp up production to the very maximum level of consumer demand and will never be limited by cash flow (not that it would be anyway with $100bn in the bank). Most companies are not in this situation so in order to avoid having production constrained by free cash, it is desirable to minimize the difference betweenAR几天和APdays.

就苹果而言,消费者在18天内为其产品支付费用,但苹果不必支付83天的供应商,这意味着他们的钱比出去要快4.5倍(这是他们出售产品的成本,他们没有购买的购买,实际上他们的收入流量将比支出快9倍或大)。

This concept can be slightly counterintuitive at times so an example is provided below to illustrate the principals.

帐户可靠的日计算

应收账款日的示例

Here's a simple example of an Accounts Receivable Days calculation using the formula we listed above:

ABC公司目前的应收账款有100美元,其收入为700美元。然后,我们可以使用应收账款日公式来计算公司ABC应收账款流程的有效性。

应收账款天=(应收账款 /收入)x年的天数
应收账款天=($ 100 [应收账款] / $ 700 [收入]) * 360 [一年中的天数]
应收日期= 0.14286 * 360
应收账款天数= 51.42857

通常,公司给客户大约30天以支付发票。使用我们之前发现的〜51.43的应收账款天比率,我们可以将其与30天的公司标准进行比较。比较时,它表明ABC公司的客户几乎是其标准发票时间的两倍。基于此,ABC公司应改善其收集流程。

Here's a more complex example:

想象一下,有一家公司只出售椅子,银行拥有100美元。每张椅子的生产和零售价为10美元,价格为20美元。该公司与其供应商签订了合同,称其将在交货后15天支付材料,但平均而言,其客户在购买后30天(1个月免费的信用交易或类似信用交易或类似)才支付产品。那么这意味着什么?

再次为简单起见,我们假设该公司收到材料,将它们转换为椅子,并在1天内出售椅子。因此,在第1天,该公司将10椅子的材料交付,并将全部10张出售给消费者,并且在银行中仍然有100美元。在第16天,它必须向供应商支付这笔100美元的费用,并将在银行售价$ 0,直到第31天收到200美元的零件。这意味着从第16天到第31天,该公司没有钱,不能生产,因此每月最大利润为100美元。

If the company were to reduce the time that consumers had to pay to less than the time in which it had to pay the supplier, it wouldget paid before it had to pay upmeaning it could produce endlessly and never run out of cash. Now no company uses its entire cash reserves to order stock so the idea falls down a bit here, but the principal still applies.

销售未偿还

The following video provides a good explanation of days sales in receivables or days sales outstanding.

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